What guarantees the basic liberties and rights of all citizens in the U.S.?

The Bill of Rights is the correct answer because it specifically consists of the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which were ratified in 1791. These amendments explicitly guarantee a range of fundamental rights and liberties for individuals, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press; the right to bear arms; protection against unreasonable searches and seizures; the right to a fair trial; and protection against cruel and unusual punishment.

While the Constitution as a whole lays the framework for the U.S. government and the rule of law, it is the Bill of Rights that directly enumerates and protects the civil liberties of citizens, ensuring that these rights cannot be infringed upon by the government.

The Declaration of Independence, although a foundational document expressing the principles of individual rights and government by consent of the governed, does not provide legal protections for those rights. Instead, it served as a statement of intentions and justifications for separation from British rule.

The Federalist Papers consist of essays promoting the ratification of the Constitution and discussing its principles, but they do not establish specific rights or liberties. Therefore, while these documents contribute to the context of American governance, they do not guarantee the basic liberties and rights in the same manner as the Bill of